A1Pronouns

German Personal Pronouns

German personal pronouns change based on case (nominative, accusative, dative). Formal 'Sie' is always capitalized.

Key Rules

  1. 1Nominative: ich, du, er/sie/es, wir, ihr, sie/Sie
  2. 2Accusative: mich, dich, ihn/sie/es, uns, euch, sie/Sie
  3. 3Dative: mir, dir, ihm/ihr/ihm, uns, euch, ihnen/Ihnen
  4. 4Sie (formal you) = always capitalized
  5. 5du (informal you) = for friends, family, children

Examples

Ich liebe dich.

I love you.

'Ich' (nominative, subject) + 'dich' (accusative, direct object).

Sie hilft mir.

She helps me.

'Mir' is dative because 'helfen' requires dative object.

Related Grammar Topics

Cases

German Nominative Case (Nominativ)
A1

Cases

German Accusative Case (Akkusativ)
A1

Cases

German Dative Case (Dativ)
A2
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